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augmentedRCBD.menv is an extension of augmentedRCBD designed for the combined/pooled analysis of data from augmented randomised complete block design across multiple environments such as locations and/or seasons. This function performs analysis under the following two scenarios.

Scenario 1:

Replicated test treatments across environments.

Scenario 2:

Non-replicated test treatments across environments.

Usage

augmentedRCBD.menv(
  block,
  treatment,
  env,
  y,
  checks = NULL,
  method.comp = c("lsd", "tukey", "none"),
  scenario = c(1, 2),
  alpha = 0.05,
  group = TRUE,
  console = TRUE,
  simplify = FALSE,
  truncate.means = TRUE
)

Arguments

block

Vector of blocks (as a factor).

treatment

Vector of treatments/genotypes (as a factor).

env

Vector of environments (as a factor).

y

Numeric vector of response variable (Trait).

checks

Character vector of the checks present in treatment levels. If not specified, checks are inferred from the data on the basis of number of replications of treatments/genotypes.

method.comp

Method for comparison of treatments ("lsd" for least significant difference or "tukey" for Tukey's honest significant difference). If "none", no comparisons will be made, the ANOVA output will be given as a data frame and the adjusted means will be computed directly from treatment and block effects instead of using emmeans.

scenario

Either 1 or 2 (see Details).

alpha

Type I error probability (Significance level) to be used for multiple comparisons.

group

If TRUE, genotypes will be grouped according to "method.comp". Default is TRUE.

console

If TRUE, output will be printed to console. Default is TRUE. Default is TRUE.

simplify

If TRUE, ANOVA output will be given as a data frame instead of a summary.aov object. Default is TRUE.

truncate.means

If TRUE, the negative adjusted means will be truncated to zero. Default is TRUE.

Value

A list of class augmentedRCBD.menv containing the following components:

Details

Details of the augmented design used.

Means

A data frame with the "Means", "Block", "SE", "Mix", "Max" and "Adjusted Means" for each "Treatment".

ANOVA, Treatment Adjusted

An object of class summary.aov for ANOVA table with treatments adjusted.

ANOVA, Block Adjusted

An object of class summary.aov for ANOVA table with block adjusted.

Block effects

A vector of block effects.

Treatment effects

A vector of treatment effects.

Std. Errors

A data frame of standard error of difference between various combinations along with critical difference and tukey's honest significant difference (when method.comp = "tukey") at alpha.

Overall adjusted mean

Overall adjusted mean.

CV

Coefficient of variation.

Comparison method

The method for comparison of treatments.

Comparisons

A data frame of pairwise comparisons of treatments. This is computed only if argument group is TRUE

Groups

A data frame with compact letter display of pairwise comparisons of treatments. Means with at least one letter common are not significantly different statistically. This is computed only if argument group is TRUE

warning

A vector of warning messages (if any) captured during model fitting.

Details

The method of analysis is determined by whether the test treatments are replicated across different environments as indicated by the scenario argument. The design is balanced in terms of the checks being replicated across all the blocks and environments.

Scenario 1:

The test treatments are replicated across all environments. Here the Treatment \u00D7 Environment interaction is fully estimable as it is balanced.

Scenario 2:

The test treatments are replicated across all environments. Here the Treatment \u00D7 Environment interaction is only partially estimable as it is unbalanced..

Note

  • Data should preferably be balanced i.e. all the check genotypes should be present in all the blocks. If not, a warning is issued.

  • There should not be any missing values.

  • The number of test genotypes can vary within a block.

  • When a large number of treatments or genotypes are involved, the analysis becomes memory intensive because calculating adjusted means necessitates the creation of a reference grid matrix by emmeans, which can grow exponentially in size

See also

Examples


#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Scenario 1: Test treatments are replicated across all environments
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

# Example data
blk1 <- c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
          4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
          7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9)
trt1 <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 11, 12, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 6, 10,
          1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6, 10,
          1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 10)
y1 <- c(92, 79, 87, 81, 96, 89, 82, 79, 81, 81, 91, 79, 78, 83, 77,
        78, 78, 70, 75, 74, 90, 80, 85, 78, 95, 86, 81, 78, 78, 76, 88,
        76, 79, 80, 76, 75, 74, 77, 75, 72, 91, 81, 86, 80, 94, 87, 83,
        78, 79, 77, 90, 74, 76, 82, 83, 86, 76, 73, 74, 69)
env1 <- c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
          1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
          2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
          3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3)
data1 <- data.frame(env1, blk1, trt1, y1)
chks1 <- c(1, 2, 3, 4)

# Convert block, treatment and environment to factors
data1$blk1 <- as.factor(data1$blk1)
data1$trt1 <- as.factor(data1$trt1)
data1$env1 <- as.factor(data1$env1)

# Contingency tables of factors
table(data1$env1, data1$trt1)
#>    
#>     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
#>   1 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1  1  1  1
#>   2 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1  1  1  1
#>   3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1  1  1  1
table(data1$env1, data1$blk1)
#>    
#>     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
#>   1 7 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
#>   2 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 0 0
#>   3 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 7
table(data1$blk1, data1$trt1)
#>    
#>     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
#>   1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0  0  1  1
#>   2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1  0  0  0
#>   3 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0  1  0  0
#>   4 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0  0  1  0
#>   5 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1  0  0  1
#>   6 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0  1  0  0
#>   7 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1  0  0  1
#>   8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0  0  0  0
#>   9 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0  1  1  0

# Results
out1 <- augmentedRCBD.menv(block = data1$blk1, treatment = data1$trt1,
                           env = data1$env1, y = data1$y1, checks = chks1,
                           scenario = 1, method.comp = "lsd", alpha = 0.05,
                           group = TRUE, console = TRUE)
#> NOTE: Results may be misleading due to involvement in interactions
#> 
#> Augmented Design Details
#> ========================
#>                                        
#> Number of blocks           "9"         
#> Number of treatments       "12"        
#> Number of environments     "3"         
#> Number of check treatments "4"         
#> Number of test treatments  "8"         
#> Check treatments           "1, 2, 3, 4"
#> 
#> 
#> ANOVA, Treatment Adjusted
#> =========================
#>                                                           Df Sum Sq Mean Sq
#> Environment                                                2   24.7   12.35
#> Treatment (eliminating Blocks)                            11  691.2   62.83
#>   Treatment: Check                                         3   85.9   28.63
#>   Treatment: Test and Test vs. Check                       8  605.3   75.66
#> Block (within Environment, ignoring Treatments)            6  672.5  112.08
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                       22  398.7   18.12
#>   Interaction: Check × Environment                         6   17.6    2.94
#>   Interaction: Test and Test vs. Check × Environment      16  381.1   23.82
#> Residuals                                                 18  546.5   30.36
#>                                                           F value Pr(>F)  
#> Environment                                                 0.407 0.6718  
#> Treatment (eliminating Blocks)                              2.070 0.0824 .
#>   Treatment: Check                                          0.943 0.4406  
#>   Treatment: Test and Test vs. Check                        2.492 0.0513 .
#> Block (within Environment, ignoring Treatments)             3.692 0.0144 *
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                         0.597 0.8753  
#>   Interaction: Check × Environment                          0.097 0.9958  
#>   Interaction: Test and Test vs. Check × Environment        0.785 0.6846  
#> Residuals                                                                 
#> ---
#> Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
#> 
#> ANOVA, Block Adjusted
#> =====================
#>                                                           Df Sum Sq Mean Sq
#> Environment                                                2   24.7   12.35
#> Treatment (ignoring Blocks)                               11  691.2   62.83
#>   Treatment: Check                                         3   85.9   28.63
#>   Treatment: Test                                          7  561.2   80.17
#>   Treatment: Test vs. Check                                1   44.1   44.10
#> Block (within Environment, eliminating Treatments)         6  672.5  112.08
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                       22  398.7   18.12
#>   Interaction: Check × Environment                         6   17.6    2.94
#>   Interaction: Test × Environment                         14  340.2   24.30
#>   Interaction: Test vs. Check × Environment                2   40.9   20.47
#> Residuals                                                 18  546.5   30.36
#>                                                           F value Pr(>F)  
#> Environment                                                 0.407 0.6718  
#> Treatment (ignoring Blocks)                                 2.070 0.0824 .
#>   Treatment: Check                                          0.943 0.4406  
#>   Treatment: Test                                           2.640 0.0459 *
#>   Treatment: Test vs. Check                                 1.453 0.2437  
#> Block (within Environment, eliminating Treatments)          3.692 0.0144 *
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                         0.597 0.8753  
#>   Interaction: Check × Environment                          0.097 0.9958  
#>   Interaction: Test × Environment                           0.800 0.6596  
#>   Interaction: Test vs. Check × Environment                 0.674 0.5219  
#> Residuals                                                                 
#> ---
#> Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
#> 
#> Coefficient of Variation
#> ========================
#> 6.81942
#> 
#> Overall Adjusted Mean
#> =====================
#> 80.31944
#> 
#> Standard Errors
#> ===============
#>                                          Std. Error of Diff.   CD (5%)
#> Control Treatment Means                             1.499657  3.150662
#> Two Test Treatments (Same Block)                    4.498971  9.451987
#> Two Test Treatments (Different Blocks)              5.030003 10.567643
#> A Test Treatment and a Control Treatment            3.749143  7.876656
#> 
#> Treatment Means
#> ===============
#>  treatment Means   SE r   Min   Max Adjusted Means
#>          1 83.67 1.92 9 78.00 92.00          83.67
#>         10 71.67 1.45 3 69.00 74.00          74.17
#>         11 83.00 4.58 3 74.00 89.00          81.25
#>         12 80.33 2.19 3 76.00 83.00          78.75
#>          2 79.33 0.73 9 76.00 83.00          79.33
#>          3 81.22 1.61 9 75.00 87.00          81.22
#>          4 81.78 2.10 9 74.00 91.00          81.78
#>          5 78.00 2.08 3 74.00 81.00          77.08
#>          6 75.33 0.33 3 75.00 76.00          78.08
#>          7 89.00 6.03 3 77.00 96.00          88.67
#>          8 79.33 7.88 3 70.00 95.00          79.50
#>          9 81.33 2.85 3 78.00 87.00          80.33
#> 
#> 
#> Comparisons
#> ===========
#> 
#> Method : lsd
#> 
#>                   contrast estimate   SE df t.ratio p.value sig
#>    treatment1 - treatment2     4.33 2.60 18   1.668   0.113    
#>    treatment1 - treatment3     2.44 2.60 18   0.941   0.359    
#>    treatment1 - treatment4     1.89 2.60 18   0.727   0.476    
#>    treatment1 - treatment5     6.58 3.90 18   1.690   0.108    
#>    treatment1 - treatment6     5.58 3.90 18   1.433   0.169    
#>    treatment1 - treatment7    -5.00 3.90 18  -1.283   0.216    
#>    treatment1 - treatment8     4.17 3.90 18   1.069   0.299    
#>    treatment1 - treatment9     3.33 3.90 18   0.856   0.404    
#>   treatment1 - treatment10     9.50 3.90 18   2.438   0.025   *
#>   treatment1 - treatment11     2.42 3.90 18   0.620   0.543    
#>   treatment1 - treatment12     4.92 3.90 18   1.262   0.223    
#>    treatment2 - treatment3    -1.89 2.60 18  -0.727   0.476    
#>    treatment2 - treatment4    -2.44 2.60 18  -0.941   0.359    
#>    treatment2 - treatment5     2.25 3.90 18   0.577   0.571    
#>    treatment2 - treatment6     1.25 3.90 18   0.321   0.752    
#>    treatment2 - treatment7    -9.33 3.90 18  -2.395   0.028   *
#>    treatment2 - treatment8    -0.17 3.90 18  -0.043   0.966    
#>    treatment2 - treatment9    -1.00 3.90 18  -0.257   0.800    
#>   treatment2 - treatment10     5.17 3.90 18   1.326   0.201    
#>   treatment2 - treatment11    -1.92 3.90 18  -0.492   0.629    
#>   treatment2 - treatment12     0.58 3.90 18   0.150   0.883    
#>    treatment3 - treatment4    -0.56 2.60 18  -0.214   0.833    
#>    treatment3 - treatment5     4.14 3.90 18   1.062   0.302    
#>    treatment3 - treatment6     3.14 3.90 18   0.806   0.431    
#>    treatment3 - treatment7    -7.44 3.90 18  -1.911   0.072    
#>    treatment3 - treatment8     1.72 3.90 18   0.442   0.664    
#>    treatment3 - treatment9     0.89 3.90 18   0.228   0.822    
#>   treatment3 - treatment10     7.06 3.90 18   1.811   0.087    
#>   treatment3 - treatment11    -0.03 3.90 18  -0.007   0.994    
#>   treatment3 - treatment12     2.47 3.90 18   0.635   0.534    
#>    treatment4 - treatment5     4.69 3.90 18   1.205   0.244    
#>    treatment4 - treatment6     3.69 3.90 18   0.948   0.356    
#>    treatment4 - treatment7    -6.89 3.90 18  -1.768   0.094    
#>    treatment4 - treatment8     2.28 3.90 18   0.585   0.566    
#>    treatment4 - treatment9     1.44 3.90 18   0.371   0.715    
#>   treatment4 - treatment10     7.61 3.90 18   1.953   0.066    
#>   treatment4 - treatment11     0.53 3.90 18   0.135   0.894    
#>   treatment4 - treatment12     3.03 3.90 18   0.777   0.447    
#>    treatment5 - treatment6    -1.00 4.86 18  -0.206   0.839    
#>    treatment5 - treatment7   -11.58 5.03 18  -2.303   0.033   *
#>    treatment5 - treatment8    -2.42 4.86 18  -0.497   0.625    
#>    treatment5 - treatment9    -3.25 4.86 18  -0.669   0.512    
#>   treatment5 - treatment10     2.92 5.03 18   0.580   0.569    
#>   treatment5 - treatment11    -4.17 4.86 18  -0.857   0.402    
#>   treatment5 - treatment12    -1.67 5.03 18  -0.331   0.744    
#>    treatment6 - treatment7   -10.58 4.86 18  -2.178   0.043   *
#>    treatment6 - treatment8    -1.42 4.86 18  -0.292   0.774    
#>    treatment6 - treatment9    -2.25 5.03 18  -0.447   0.660    
#>   treatment6 - treatment10     3.92 4.68 18   0.836   0.414    
#>   treatment6 - treatment11    -3.17 5.03 18  -0.630   0.537    
#>   treatment6 - treatment12    -0.67 5.03 18  -0.133   0.896    
#>    treatment7 - treatment8     9.17 5.03 18   1.822   0.085    
#>    treatment7 - treatment9     8.33 4.86 18   1.715   0.104    
#>   treatment7 - treatment10    14.50 4.86 18   2.984   0.008  **
#>   treatment7 - treatment11     7.42 4.86 18   1.526   0.144    
#>   treatment7 - treatment12     9.92 4.68 18   2.118   0.048   *
#>    treatment8 - treatment9    -0.83 5.03 18  -0.166   0.870    
#>   treatment8 - treatment10     5.33 4.68 18   1.139   0.270    
#>   treatment8 - treatment11    -1.75 4.68 18  -0.374   0.713    
#>   treatment8 - treatment12     0.75 5.03 18   0.149   0.883    
#>   treatment9 - treatment10     6.17 5.03 18   1.226   0.236    
#>   treatment9 - treatment11    -0.92 5.03 18  -0.182   0.857    
#>   treatment9 - treatment12     1.58 4.68 18   0.338   0.739    
#>  treatment10 - treatment11    -7.08 4.86 18  -1.458   0.162    
#>  treatment10 - treatment12    -4.58 5.03 18  -0.911   0.374    
#>  treatment11 - treatment12     2.50 4.86 18   0.514   0.613    
#> 
#> Treatment Groups
#> ================
#> 
#> Method : lsd
#> 
#>  Treatment Adjusted Means   SE df lower.CL upper.CL Group
#>         10          74.17 3.44 18    66.95    81.39   1  
#>          5          77.08 3.44 18    69.86    84.30   12 
#>          6          78.08 3.44 18    70.86    85.30   12 
#>         12          78.75 3.44 18    71.53    85.97   12 
#>          2          79.33 1.84 18    75.47    83.19   12 
#>          8          79.50 3.44 18    72.28    86.72   123
#>          9          80.33 3.44 18    73.11    87.55   123
#>          3          81.22 1.84 18    77.36    85.08   123
#>         11          81.25 3.44 18    74.03    88.47   123
#>          4          81.78 1.84 18    77.92    85.64   123
#>          1          83.67 1.84 18    79.81    87.53    23
#>          7          88.67 3.44 18    81.45    95.89     3

#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Test treatments are not replicated across all environments
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

# Example data
blk2 <- c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
          4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
          7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9)
trt2 <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 6, 12,
          1, 2, 3, 4, 16, 19, 13, 1, 2, 3, 4, 20, 17, 1, 2, 3, 4, 15, 14, 18,
          1, 2, 3, 4, 22, 25, 27, 1, 2, 3, 4, 21, 23, 1, 2, 3, 4, 24, 26, 28)
y2 <- c(92, 79, 87, 81, 96, 89, 82, 79, 81, 81, 91, 79, 78, 83, 77,
        78, 78, 70, 75, 74, 90, 80, 85, 78, 95, 86, 81, 78, 78, 76, 88,
        76, 79, 80, 76, 75, 74, 77, 75, 72, 91, 81, 86, 80, 94, 87, 83,
        78, 79, 77, 90, 74, 76, 82, 83, 86, 76, 73, 74, 69)
env2 <- c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
          1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
          2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
          3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3)
data2 <- data.frame(env2, blk2, trt2, y2)
chks2 <- c(1, 2, 3, 4)

# Convert block, treatment and environment to factors
data2$blk2 <- as.factor(data2$blk2)
data2$trt2 <- as.factor(data2$trt2)
data2$env2 <- as.factor(data2$env2)

# Contingency tables of factors
table(data2$env2, data2$trt2)
#>    
#>     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
#>   1 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   2 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1
table(data2$env2, data2$blk2)
#>    
#>     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
#>   1 7 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
#>   2 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 0 0
#>   3 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 7
table(data2$blk2, data2$trt2)
#>    
#>     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
#>   1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0  1  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   3 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0  0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  1  0  0  1  0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   5 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  1  0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   6 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0  1  1  0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
#>   7 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  1  0  0  1  0  1  0
#>   8 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  1  0  1  0  0  0  0  0
#>   9 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  1  0  1  0  1

# Results
out2 <- augmentedRCBD.menv(block = data2$blk2, treatment = data2$trt2,
                           env = data2$env2, y = data2$y2, checks = chks2,
                           scenario = 2, method.comp = "lsd", alpha = 0.05,
                           group = TRUE, console = TRUE)
#> 
#> Augmented Design Details
#> ========================
#>                                        
#> Number of blocks           "9"         
#> Number of treatments       "28"        
#> Number of environments     "3"         
#> Number of check treatments "4"         
#> Number of test treatments  "24"        
#> Check treatments           "1, 2, 3, 4"
#> 
#> 
#> ANOVA, Treatment Adjusted
#> =========================
#>                                                           Df Sum Sq Mean Sq
#> Environment                                                2   24.7   12.35
#> Treatment (eliminating Blocks)                            27 1550.0   57.41
#>   Treatment: Check                                         3   85.9   28.63
#>   Treatment: Test and Test vs. Check                      24 1464.1   61.00
#> Block (within Environment, ignoring Treatments)            6  194.8   32.47
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                        6   17.6    2.94
#> Residuals                                                 18  546.5   30.36
#>                                                           F value Pr(>F)  
#> Environment                                                 0.407 0.6718  
#> Treatment (eliminating Blocks)                              1.891 0.0817 .
#>   Treatment: Check                                          0.943 0.4406  
#>   Treatment: Test and Test vs. Check                        2.009 0.0664 .
#> Block (within Environment, ignoring Treatments)             1.070 0.4162  
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                         0.097 0.9958  
#> Residuals                                                                 
#> ---
#> Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
#> 
#> ANOVA, Block Adjusted
#> =====================
#>                                                           Df Sum Sq Mean Sq
#> Environment                                                2   24.7   12.35
#> Treatment (ignoring Blocks)                               27 1550.0   57.41
#>   Treatment: Check                                         3   85.9   28.63
#>   Treatment: Test                                         23 1420.0   61.74
#>   Treatment: Test vs. Check                                1   44.1   44.10
#> Block (within Environment, eliminating Treatments)         6  194.8   32.47
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                        6   17.6    2.94
#> Residuals                                                 18  546.5   30.36
#>                                                           F value Pr(>F)  
#> Environment                                                 0.407 0.6718  
#> Treatment (ignoring Blocks)                                 1.891 0.0817 .
#>   Treatment: Check                                          0.943 0.4406  
#>   Treatment: Test                                           2.033 0.0643 .
#>   Treatment: Test vs. Check                                 1.453 0.2437  
#> Block (within Environment, eliminating Treatments)          1.070 0.4162  
#> Environment × Treatment interaction                         0.097 0.9958  
#> Residuals                                                                 
#> ---
#> Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
#> 
#> Coefficient of Variation
#> ========================
#> NA
#> 
#> Overall Adjusted Mean
#> =====================
#> 79.98214
#> 
#> Standard Errors
#> ===============
#>                                          Std. Error of Diff. CD (5%)
#> Control Treatment Means                                   NA      NA
#> Two Test Treatments (Same Block)                          NA      NA
#> Two Test Treatments (Different Blocks)                    NA      NA
#> A Test Treatment and a Control Treatment                  NA      NA
#> 
#> Treatment Means
#> ===============
#>  treatment Means   SE r   Min   Max Adjusted Means
#>          1 83.67 1.92 9 78.00 92.00          83.67
#>         10 89.00 <NA> 1 89.00 89.00          85.75
#>         11 82.00 <NA> 1 82.00 82.00          78.75
#>         12 74.00 <NA> 1 74.00 74.00          76.50
#>         13 81.00 <NA> 1 81.00 81.00          79.25
#>         14 75.00 <NA> 1 75.00 75.00          80.25
#>         15 77.00 <NA> 1 77.00 77.00          82.25
#>         16 95.00 <NA> 1 95.00 95.00          93.25
#>         17 79.00 <NA> 1 79.00 79.00          80.50
#>         18 72.00 <NA> 1 72.00 72.00          77.25
#>         19 86.00 <NA> 1 86.00 86.00          84.25
#>          2 79.33 0.73 9 76.00 83.00          79.33
#>         20 76.00 <NA> 1 76.00 76.00          77.50
#>         21 74.00 <NA> 1 74.00 74.00          74.50
#>         22 94.00 <NA> 1 94.00 94.00          91.00
#>         23 76.00 <NA> 1 76.00 76.00          76.50
#>         24 73.00 <NA> 1 73.00 73.00          72.75
#>         25 87.00 <NA> 1 87.00 87.00          84.00
#>         26 74.00 <NA> 1 74.00 74.00          73.75
#>         27 83.00 <NA> 1 83.00 83.00          80.00
#>         28 69.00 <NA> 1 69.00 69.00          68.75
#>          3 81.22 1.61 9 75.00 87.00          81.22
#>          4 81.78 2.10 9 74.00 91.00          81.78
#>          5 79.00 <NA> 1 79.00 79.00          77.50
#>          6 75.00 <NA> 1 75.00 75.00          77.50
#>          7 96.00 <NA> 1 96.00 96.00          92.75
#>          8 70.00 <NA> 1 70.00 70.00          72.50
#>          9 78.00 <NA> 1 78.00 78.00          76.50
#> 
#> 
#> Comparisons
#> ===========
#> 
#> Method : lsd
#> 
#>                   contrast estimate   SE df t.ratio p.value sig
#>    treatment1 - treatment2     4.33 2.29 24   1.896   0.070    
#>    treatment1 - treatment3     2.44 2.29 24   1.070   0.295    
#>    treatment1 - treatment4     1.89 2.29 24   0.826   0.417    
#>    treatment1 - treatment5     6.17 5.60 24   1.102   0.282    
#>    treatment1 - treatment6     6.17 5.60 24   1.102   0.282    
#>    treatment1 - treatment7    -9.08 5.60 24  -1.623   0.118    
#>    treatment1 - treatment8    11.17 5.60 24   1.995   0.058    
#>    treatment1 - treatment9     7.17 5.60 24   1.280   0.213    
#>   treatment1 - treatment10    -2.08 5.60 24  -0.372   0.713    
#>   treatment1 - treatment11     4.92 5.60 24   0.878   0.389    
#>   treatment1 - treatment12     7.17 5.60 24   1.280   0.213    
#>   treatment1 - treatment13     4.42 5.60 24   0.789   0.438    
#>   treatment1 - treatment14     3.42 5.60 24   0.610   0.547    
#>   treatment1 - treatment15     1.42 5.60 24   0.253   0.802    
#>   treatment1 - treatment16    -9.58 5.60 24  -1.712   0.100    
#>   treatment1 - treatment17     3.17 5.60 24   0.566   0.577    
#>   treatment1 - treatment18     6.42 5.60 24   1.146   0.263    
#>   treatment1 - treatment19    -0.58 5.60 24  -0.104   0.918    
#>   treatment1 - treatment20     6.17 5.60 24   1.102   0.282    
#>   treatment1 - treatment21     9.17 5.60 24   1.637   0.115    
#>   treatment1 - treatment22    -7.33 5.60 24  -1.310   0.203    
#>   treatment1 - treatment23     7.17 5.60 24   1.280   0.213    
#>   treatment1 - treatment24    10.92 5.60 24   1.950   0.063    
#>   treatment1 - treatment25    -0.33 5.60 24  -0.060   0.953    
#>   treatment1 - treatment26     9.92 5.60 24   1.771   0.089    
#>   treatment1 - treatment27     3.67 5.60 24   0.655   0.519    
#>   treatment1 - treatment28    14.92 5.60 24   2.665   0.014   *
#>    treatment2 - treatment3    -1.89 2.29 24  -0.826   0.417    
#>    treatment2 - treatment4    -2.44 2.29 24  -1.070   0.295    
#>    treatment2 - treatment5     1.83 5.60 24   0.327   0.746    
#>    treatment2 - treatment6     1.83 5.60 24   0.327   0.746    
#>    treatment2 - treatment7   -13.42 5.60 24  -2.397   0.025   *
#>    treatment2 - treatment8     6.83 5.60 24   1.221   0.234    
#>    treatment2 - treatment9     2.83 5.60 24   0.506   0.617    
#>   treatment2 - treatment10    -6.42 5.60 24  -1.146   0.263    
#>   treatment2 - treatment11     0.58 5.60 24   0.104   0.918    
#>   treatment2 - treatment12     2.83 5.60 24   0.506   0.617    
#>   treatment2 - treatment13     0.08 5.60 24   0.015   0.988    
#>   treatment2 - treatment14    -0.92 5.60 24  -0.164   0.871    
#>   treatment2 - treatment15    -2.92 5.60 24  -0.521   0.607    
#>   treatment2 - treatment16   -13.92 5.60 24  -2.486   0.020   *
#>   treatment2 - treatment17    -1.17 5.60 24  -0.208   0.837    
#>   treatment2 - treatment18     2.08 5.60 24   0.372   0.713    
#>   treatment2 - treatment19    -4.92 5.60 24  -0.878   0.389    
#>   treatment2 - treatment20     1.83 5.60 24   0.327   0.746    
#>   treatment2 - treatment21     4.83 5.60 24   0.863   0.396    
#>   treatment2 - treatment22   -11.67 5.60 24  -2.084   0.048   *
#>   treatment2 - treatment23     2.83 5.60 24   0.506   0.617    
#>   treatment2 - treatment24     6.58 5.60 24   1.176   0.251    
#>   treatment2 - treatment25    -4.67 5.60 24  -0.834   0.413    
#>   treatment2 - treatment26     5.58 5.60 24   0.997   0.329    
#>   treatment2 - treatment27    -0.67 5.60 24  -0.119   0.906    
#>   treatment2 - treatment28    10.58 5.60 24   1.890   0.071    
#>    treatment3 - treatment4    -0.56 2.29 24  -0.243   0.810    
#>    treatment3 - treatment5     3.72 5.60 24   0.665   0.512    
#>    treatment3 - treatment6     3.72 5.60 24   0.665   0.512    
#>    treatment3 - treatment7   -11.53 5.60 24  -2.059   0.050    
#>    treatment3 - treatment8     8.72 5.60 24   1.558   0.132    
#>    treatment3 - treatment9     4.72 5.60 24   0.844   0.407    
#>   treatment3 - treatment10    -4.53 5.60 24  -0.809   0.427    
#>   treatment3 - treatment11     2.47 5.60 24   0.442   0.663    
#>   treatment3 - treatment12     4.72 5.60 24   0.844   0.407    
#>   treatment3 - treatment13     1.97 5.60 24   0.352   0.728    
#>   treatment3 - treatment14     0.97 5.60 24   0.174   0.864    
#>   treatment3 - treatment15    -1.03 5.60 24  -0.184   0.856    
#>   treatment3 - treatment16   -12.03 5.60 24  -2.149   0.042   *
#>   treatment3 - treatment17     0.72 5.60 24   0.129   0.898    
#>   treatment3 - treatment18     3.97 5.60 24   0.710   0.485    
#>   treatment3 - treatment19    -3.03 5.60 24  -0.541   0.594    
#>   treatment3 - treatment20     3.72 5.60 24   0.665   0.512    
#>   treatment3 - treatment21     6.72 5.60 24   1.201   0.242    
#>   treatment3 - treatment22    -9.78 5.60 24  -1.747   0.093    
#>   treatment3 - treatment23     4.72 5.60 24   0.844   0.407    
#>   treatment3 - treatment24     8.47 5.60 24   1.513   0.143    
#>   treatment3 - treatment25    -2.78 5.60 24  -0.496   0.624    
#>   treatment3 - treatment26     7.47 5.60 24   1.335   0.194    
#>   treatment3 - treatment27     1.22 5.60 24   0.218   0.829    
#>   treatment3 - treatment28    12.47 5.60 24   2.228   0.036   *
#>    treatment4 - treatment5     4.28 5.60 24   0.764   0.452    
#>    treatment4 - treatment6     4.28 5.60 24   0.764   0.452    
#>    treatment4 - treatment7   -10.97 5.60 24  -1.960   0.062    
#>    treatment4 - treatment8     9.28 5.60 24   1.657   0.110    
#>    treatment4 - treatment9     5.28 5.60 24   0.943   0.355    
#>   treatment4 - treatment10    -3.97 5.60 24  -0.710   0.485    
#>   treatment4 - treatment11     3.03 5.60 24   0.541   0.594    
#>   treatment4 - treatment12     5.28 5.60 24   0.943   0.355    
#>   treatment4 - treatment13     2.53 5.60 24   0.452   0.656    
#>   treatment4 - treatment14     1.53 5.60 24   0.273   0.787    
#>   treatment4 - treatment15    -0.47 5.60 24  -0.084   0.933    
#>   treatment4 - treatment16   -11.47 5.60 24  -2.049   0.052    
#>   treatment4 - treatment17     1.28 5.60 24   0.228   0.821    
#>   treatment4 - treatment18     4.53 5.60 24   0.809   0.427    
#>   treatment4 - treatment19    -2.47 5.60 24  -0.442   0.663    
#>   treatment4 - treatment20     4.28 5.60 24   0.764   0.452    
#>   treatment4 - treatment21     7.28 5.60 24   1.300   0.206    
#>   treatment4 - treatment22    -9.22 5.60 24  -1.647   0.113    
#>   treatment4 - treatment23     5.28 5.60 24   0.943   0.355    
#>   treatment4 - treatment24     9.03 5.60 24   1.613   0.120    
#>   treatment4 - treatment25    -2.22 5.60 24  -0.397   0.695    
#>   treatment4 - treatment26     8.03 5.60 24   1.434   0.164    
#>   treatment4 - treatment27     1.78 5.60 24   0.318   0.754    
#>   treatment4 - treatment28    13.03 5.60 24   2.327   0.029   *
#>    treatment5 - treatment6    -0.00 7.67 24  -0.000   1.000    
#>    treatment5 - treatment7   -15.25 7.67 24  -1.989   0.058    
#>    treatment5 - treatment8     5.00 7.67 24   0.652   0.520    
#>    treatment5 - treatment9     1.00 6.86 24   0.146   0.885    
#>   treatment5 - treatment10    -8.25 7.67 24  -1.076   0.293    
#>   treatment5 - treatment11    -1.25 7.67 24  -0.163   0.872    
#>   treatment5 - treatment12     1.00 7.67 24   0.130   0.897    
#>   treatment5 - treatment13    -1.75 7.67 24  -0.228   0.821    
#>   treatment5 - treatment14    -2.75 7.67 24  -0.359   0.723    
#>   treatment5 - treatment15    -4.75 7.67 24  -0.620   0.541    
#>   treatment5 - treatment16   -15.75 7.67 24  -2.055   0.051    
#>   treatment5 - treatment17    -3.00 7.67 24  -0.391   0.699    
#>   treatment5 - treatment18     0.25 7.67 24   0.033   0.974    
#>   treatment5 - treatment19    -6.75 7.67 24  -0.881   0.387    
#>   treatment5 - treatment20    -0.00 7.67 24  -0.000   1.000    
#>   treatment5 - treatment21     3.00 7.67 24   0.391   0.699    
#>   treatment5 - treatment22   -13.50 7.67 24  -1.761   0.091    
#>   treatment5 - treatment23     1.00 7.67 24   0.130   0.897    
#>   treatment5 - treatment24     4.75 7.67 24   0.620   0.541    
#>   treatment5 - treatment25    -6.50 7.67 24  -0.848   0.405    
#>   treatment5 - treatment26     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>   treatment5 - treatment27    -2.50 7.67 24  -0.326   0.747    
#>   treatment5 - treatment28     8.75 7.67 24   1.141   0.265    
#>    treatment6 - treatment7   -15.25 7.67 24  -1.989   0.058    
#>    treatment6 - treatment8     5.00 6.86 24   0.729   0.473    
#>    treatment6 - treatment9     1.00 7.67 24   0.130   0.897    
#>   treatment6 - treatment10    -8.25 7.67 24  -1.076   0.293    
#>   treatment6 - treatment11    -1.25 7.67 24  -0.163   0.872    
#>   treatment6 - treatment12     1.00 6.86 24   0.146   0.885    
#>   treatment6 - treatment13    -1.75 7.67 24  -0.228   0.821    
#>   treatment6 - treatment14    -2.75 7.67 24  -0.359   0.723    
#>   treatment6 - treatment15    -4.75 7.67 24  -0.620   0.541    
#>   treatment6 - treatment16   -15.75 7.67 24  -2.055   0.051    
#>   treatment6 - treatment17    -3.00 7.67 24  -0.391   0.699    
#>   treatment6 - treatment18     0.25 7.67 24   0.033   0.974    
#>   treatment6 - treatment19    -6.75 7.67 24  -0.881   0.387    
#>   treatment6 - treatment20    -0.00 7.67 24  -0.000   1.000    
#>   treatment6 - treatment21     3.00 7.67 24   0.391   0.699    
#>   treatment6 - treatment22   -13.50 7.67 24  -1.761   0.091    
#>   treatment6 - treatment23     1.00 7.67 24   0.130   0.897    
#>   treatment6 - treatment24     4.75 7.67 24   0.620   0.541    
#>   treatment6 - treatment25    -6.50 7.67 24  -0.848   0.405    
#>   treatment6 - treatment26     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>   treatment6 - treatment27    -2.50 7.67 24  -0.326   0.747    
#>   treatment6 - treatment28     8.75 7.67 24   1.141   0.265    
#>    treatment7 - treatment8    20.25 7.67 24   2.642   0.014   *
#>    treatment7 - treatment9    16.25 7.67 24   2.120   0.045   *
#>   treatment7 - treatment10     7.00 6.86 24   1.021   0.317    
#>   treatment7 - treatment11    14.00 6.86 24   2.042   0.052    
#>   treatment7 - treatment12    16.25 7.67 24   2.120   0.045   *
#>   treatment7 - treatment13    13.50 7.67 24   1.761   0.091    
#>   treatment7 - treatment14    12.50 7.67 24   1.631   0.116    
#>   treatment7 - treatment15    10.50 7.67 24   1.370   0.183    
#>   treatment7 - treatment16    -0.50 7.67 24  -0.065   0.949    
#>   treatment7 - treatment17    12.25 7.67 24   1.598   0.123    
#>   treatment7 - treatment18    15.50 7.67 24   2.022   0.054    
#>   treatment7 - treatment19     8.50 7.67 24   1.109   0.278    
#>   treatment7 - treatment20    15.25 7.67 24   1.989   0.058    
#>   treatment7 - treatment21    18.25 7.67 24   2.381   0.026   *
#>   treatment7 - treatment22     1.75 7.67 24   0.228   0.821    
#>   treatment7 - treatment23    16.25 7.67 24   2.120   0.045   *
#>   treatment7 - treatment24    20.00 7.67 24   2.609   0.015   *
#>   treatment7 - treatment25     8.75 7.67 24   1.141   0.265    
#>   treatment7 - treatment26    19.00 7.67 24   2.479   0.021   *
#>   treatment7 - treatment27    12.75 7.67 24   1.663   0.109    
#>   treatment7 - treatment28    24.00 7.67 24   3.131   0.005  **
#>    treatment8 - treatment9    -4.00 7.67 24  -0.522   0.607    
#>   treatment8 - treatment10   -13.25 7.67 24  -1.728   0.097    
#>   treatment8 - treatment11    -6.25 7.67 24  -0.815   0.423    
#>   treatment8 - treatment12    -4.00 6.86 24  -0.583   0.565    
#>   treatment8 - treatment13    -6.75 7.67 24  -0.881   0.387    
#>   treatment8 - treatment14    -7.75 7.67 24  -1.011   0.322    
#>   treatment8 - treatment15    -9.75 7.67 24  -1.272   0.216    
#>   treatment8 - treatment16   -20.75 7.67 24  -2.707   0.012   *
#>   treatment8 - treatment17    -8.00 7.67 24  -1.044   0.307    
#>   treatment8 - treatment18    -4.75 7.67 24  -0.620   0.541    
#>   treatment8 - treatment19   -11.75 7.67 24  -1.533   0.138    
#>   treatment8 - treatment20    -5.00 7.67 24  -0.652   0.520    
#>   treatment8 - treatment21    -2.00 7.67 24  -0.261   0.796    
#>   treatment8 - treatment22   -18.50 7.67 24  -2.413   0.024   *
#>   treatment8 - treatment23    -4.00 7.67 24  -0.522   0.607    
#>   treatment8 - treatment24    -0.25 7.67 24  -0.033   0.974    
#>   treatment8 - treatment25   -11.50 7.67 24  -1.500   0.147    
#>   treatment8 - treatment26    -1.25 7.67 24  -0.163   0.872    
#>   treatment8 - treatment27    -7.50 7.67 24  -0.978   0.338    
#>   treatment8 - treatment28     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>   treatment9 - treatment10    -9.25 7.67 24  -1.207   0.239    
#>   treatment9 - treatment11    -2.25 7.67 24  -0.294   0.772    
#>   treatment9 - treatment12    -0.00 7.67 24  -0.000   1.000    
#>   treatment9 - treatment13    -2.75 7.67 24  -0.359   0.723    
#>   treatment9 - treatment14    -3.75 7.67 24  -0.489   0.629    
#>   treatment9 - treatment15    -5.75 7.67 24  -0.750   0.460    
#>   treatment9 - treatment16   -16.75 7.67 24  -2.185   0.039   *
#>   treatment9 - treatment17    -4.00 7.67 24  -0.522   0.607    
#>   treatment9 - treatment18    -0.75 7.67 24  -0.098   0.923    
#>   treatment9 - treatment19    -7.75 7.67 24  -1.011   0.322    
#>   treatment9 - treatment20    -1.00 7.67 24  -0.130   0.897    
#>   treatment9 - treatment21     2.00 7.67 24   0.261   0.796    
#>   treatment9 - treatment22   -14.50 7.67 24  -1.892   0.071    
#>   treatment9 - treatment23    -0.00 7.67 24  -0.000   1.000    
#>   treatment9 - treatment24     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>   treatment9 - treatment25    -7.50 7.67 24  -0.978   0.338    
#>   treatment9 - treatment26     2.75 7.67 24   0.359   0.723    
#>   treatment9 - treatment27    -3.50 7.67 24  -0.457   0.652    
#>   treatment9 - treatment28     7.75 7.67 24   1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment10 - treatment11     7.00 6.86 24   1.021   0.317    
#>  treatment10 - treatment12     9.25 7.67 24   1.207   0.239    
#>  treatment10 - treatment13     6.50 7.67 24   0.848   0.405    
#>  treatment10 - treatment14     5.50 7.67 24   0.717   0.480    
#>  treatment10 - treatment15     3.50 7.67 24   0.457   0.652    
#>  treatment10 - treatment16    -7.50 7.67 24  -0.978   0.338    
#>  treatment10 - treatment17     5.25 7.67 24   0.685   0.500    
#>  treatment10 - treatment18     8.50 7.67 24   1.109   0.278    
#>  treatment10 - treatment19     1.50 7.67 24   0.196   0.847    
#>  treatment10 - treatment20     8.25 7.67 24   1.076   0.293    
#>  treatment10 - treatment21    11.25 7.67 24   1.468   0.155    
#>  treatment10 - treatment22    -5.25 7.67 24  -0.685   0.500    
#>  treatment10 - treatment23     9.25 7.67 24   1.207   0.239    
#>  treatment10 - treatment24    13.00 7.67 24   1.696   0.103    
#>  treatment10 - treatment25     1.75 7.67 24   0.228   0.821    
#>  treatment10 - treatment26    12.00 7.67 24   1.565   0.131    
#>  treatment10 - treatment27     5.75 7.67 24   0.750   0.460    
#>  treatment10 - treatment28    17.00 7.67 24   2.218   0.036   *
#>  treatment11 - treatment12     2.25 7.67 24   0.294   0.772    
#>  treatment11 - treatment13    -0.50 7.67 24  -0.065   0.949    
#>  treatment11 - treatment14    -1.50 7.67 24  -0.196   0.847    
#>  treatment11 - treatment15    -3.50 7.67 24  -0.457   0.652    
#>  treatment11 - treatment16   -14.50 7.67 24  -1.892   0.071    
#>  treatment11 - treatment17    -1.75 7.67 24  -0.228   0.821    
#>  treatment11 - treatment18     1.50 7.67 24   0.196   0.847    
#>  treatment11 - treatment19    -5.50 7.67 24  -0.717   0.480    
#>  treatment11 - treatment20     1.25 7.67 24   0.163   0.872    
#>  treatment11 - treatment21     4.25 7.67 24   0.554   0.584    
#>  treatment11 - treatment22   -12.25 7.67 24  -1.598   0.123    
#>  treatment11 - treatment23     2.25 7.67 24   0.294   0.772    
#>  treatment11 - treatment24     6.00 7.67 24   0.783   0.441    
#>  treatment11 - treatment25    -5.25 7.67 24  -0.685   0.500    
#>  treatment11 - treatment26     5.00 7.67 24   0.652   0.520    
#>  treatment11 - treatment27    -1.25 7.67 24  -0.163   0.872    
#>  treatment11 - treatment28    10.00 7.67 24   1.305   0.204    
#>  treatment12 - treatment13    -2.75 7.67 24  -0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment12 - treatment14    -3.75 7.67 24  -0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment12 - treatment15    -5.75 7.67 24  -0.750   0.460    
#>  treatment12 - treatment16   -16.75 7.67 24  -2.185   0.039   *
#>  treatment12 - treatment17    -4.00 7.67 24  -0.522   0.607    
#>  treatment12 - treatment18    -0.75 7.67 24  -0.098   0.923    
#>  treatment12 - treatment19    -7.75 7.67 24  -1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment12 - treatment20    -1.00 7.67 24  -0.130   0.897    
#>  treatment12 - treatment21     2.00 7.67 24   0.261   0.796    
#>  treatment12 - treatment22   -14.50 7.67 24  -1.892   0.071    
#>  treatment12 - treatment23    -0.00 7.67 24  -0.000   1.000    
#>  treatment12 - treatment24     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment12 - treatment25    -7.50 7.67 24  -0.978   0.338    
#>  treatment12 - treatment26     2.75 7.67 24   0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment12 - treatment27    -3.50 7.67 24  -0.457   0.652    
#>  treatment12 - treatment28     7.75 7.67 24   1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment13 - treatment14    -1.00 7.67 24  -0.130   0.897    
#>  treatment13 - treatment15    -3.00 7.67 24  -0.391   0.699    
#>  treatment13 - treatment16   -14.00 6.86 24  -2.042   0.052    
#>  treatment13 - treatment17    -1.25 7.67 24  -0.163   0.872    
#>  treatment13 - treatment18     2.00 7.67 24   0.261   0.796    
#>  treatment13 - treatment19    -5.00 6.86 24  -0.729   0.473    
#>  treatment13 - treatment20     1.75 7.67 24   0.228   0.821    
#>  treatment13 - treatment21     4.75 7.67 24   0.620   0.541    
#>  treatment13 - treatment22   -11.75 7.67 24  -1.533   0.138    
#>  treatment13 - treatment23     2.75 7.67 24   0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment13 - treatment24     6.50 7.67 24   0.848   0.405    
#>  treatment13 - treatment25    -4.75 7.67 24  -0.620   0.541    
#>  treatment13 - treatment26     5.50 7.67 24   0.717   0.480    
#>  treatment13 - treatment27    -0.75 7.67 24  -0.098   0.923    
#>  treatment13 - treatment28    10.50 7.67 24   1.370   0.183    
#>  treatment14 - treatment15    -2.00 6.86 24  -0.292   0.773    
#>  treatment14 - treatment16   -13.00 7.67 24  -1.696   0.103    
#>  treatment14 - treatment17    -0.25 7.67 24  -0.033   0.974    
#>  treatment14 - treatment18     3.00 6.86 24   0.438   0.666    
#>  treatment14 - treatment19    -4.00 7.67 24  -0.522   0.607    
#>  treatment14 - treatment20     2.75 7.67 24   0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment14 - treatment21     5.75 7.67 24   0.750   0.460    
#>  treatment14 - treatment22   -10.75 7.67 24  -1.402   0.174    
#>  treatment14 - treatment23     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment14 - treatment24     7.50 7.67 24   0.978   0.338    
#>  treatment14 - treatment25    -3.75 7.67 24  -0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment14 - treatment26     6.50 7.67 24   0.848   0.405    
#>  treatment14 - treatment27     0.25 7.67 24   0.033   0.974    
#>  treatment14 - treatment28    11.50 7.67 24   1.500   0.147    
#>  treatment15 - treatment16   -11.00 7.67 24  -1.435   0.164    
#>  treatment15 - treatment17     1.75 7.67 24   0.228   0.821    
#>  treatment15 - treatment18     5.00 6.86 24   0.729   0.473    
#>  treatment15 - treatment19    -2.00 7.67 24  -0.261   0.796    
#>  treatment15 - treatment20     4.75 7.67 24   0.620   0.541    
#>  treatment15 - treatment21     7.75 7.67 24   1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment15 - treatment22    -8.75 7.67 24  -1.141   0.265    
#>  treatment15 - treatment23     5.75 7.67 24   0.750   0.460    
#>  treatment15 - treatment24     9.50 7.67 24   1.239   0.227    
#>  treatment15 - treatment25    -1.75 7.67 24  -0.228   0.821    
#>  treatment15 - treatment26     8.50 7.67 24   1.109   0.278    
#>  treatment15 - treatment27     2.25 7.67 24   0.294   0.772    
#>  treatment15 - treatment28    13.50 7.67 24   1.761   0.091    
#>  treatment16 - treatment17    12.75 7.67 24   1.663   0.109    
#>  treatment16 - treatment18    16.00 7.67 24   2.087   0.048   *
#>  treatment16 - treatment19     9.00 6.86 24   1.313   0.202    
#>  treatment16 - treatment20    15.75 7.67 24   2.055   0.051    
#>  treatment16 - treatment21    18.75 7.67 24   2.446   0.022   *
#>  treatment16 - treatment22     2.25 7.67 24   0.294   0.772    
#>  treatment16 - treatment23    16.75 7.67 24   2.185   0.039   *
#>  treatment16 - treatment24    20.50 7.67 24   2.674   0.013   *
#>  treatment16 - treatment25     9.25 7.67 24   1.207   0.239    
#>  treatment16 - treatment26    19.50 7.67 24   2.544   0.018   *
#>  treatment16 - treatment27    13.25 7.67 24   1.728   0.097    
#>  treatment16 - treatment28    24.50 7.67 24   3.196   0.004  **
#>  treatment17 - treatment18     3.25 7.67 24   0.424   0.675    
#>  treatment17 - treatment19    -3.75 7.67 24  -0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment17 - treatment20     3.00 6.86 24   0.438   0.666    
#>  treatment17 - treatment21     6.00 7.67 24   0.783   0.441    
#>  treatment17 - treatment22   -10.50 7.67 24  -1.370   0.183    
#>  treatment17 - treatment23     4.00 7.67 24   0.522   0.607    
#>  treatment17 - treatment24     7.75 7.67 24   1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment17 - treatment25    -3.50 7.67 24  -0.457   0.652    
#>  treatment17 - treatment26     6.75 7.67 24   0.881   0.387    
#>  treatment17 - treatment27     0.50 7.67 24   0.065   0.949    
#>  treatment17 - treatment28    11.75 7.67 24   1.533   0.138    
#>  treatment18 - treatment19    -7.00 7.67 24  -0.913   0.370    
#>  treatment18 - treatment20    -0.25 7.67 24  -0.033   0.974    
#>  treatment18 - treatment21     2.75 7.67 24   0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment18 - treatment22   -13.75 7.67 24  -1.794   0.085    
#>  treatment18 - treatment23     0.75 7.67 24   0.098   0.923    
#>  treatment18 - treatment24     4.50 7.67 24   0.587   0.563    
#>  treatment18 - treatment25    -6.75 7.67 24  -0.881   0.387    
#>  treatment18 - treatment26     3.50 7.67 24   0.457   0.652    
#>  treatment18 - treatment27    -2.75 7.67 24  -0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment18 - treatment28     8.50 7.67 24   1.109   0.278    
#>  treatment19 - treatment20     6.75 7.67 24   0.881   0.387    
#>  treatment19 - treatment21     9.75 7.67 24   1.272   0.216    
#>  treatment19 - treatment22    -6.75 7.67 24  -0.881   0.387    
#>  treatment19 - treatment23     7.75 7.67 24   1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment19 - treatment24    11.50 7.67 24   1.500   0.147    
#>  treatment19 - treatment25     0.25 7.67 24   0.033   0.974    
#>  treatment19 - treatment26    10.50 7.67 24   1.370   0.183    
#>  treatment19 - treatment27     4.25 7.67 24   0.554   0.584    
#>  treatment19 - treatment28    15.50 7.67 24   2.022   0.054    
#>  treatment20 - treatment21     3.00 7.67 24   0.391   0.699    
#>  treatment20 - treatment22   -13.50 7.67 24  -1.761   0.091    
#>  treatment20 - treatment23     1.00 7.67 24   0.130   0.897    
#>  treatment20 - treatment24     4.75 7.67 24   0.620   0.541    
#>  treatment20 - treatment25    -6.50 7.67 24  -0.848   0.405    
#>  treatment20 - treatment26     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment20 - treatment27    -2.50 7.67 24  -0.326   0.747    
#>  treatment20 - treatment28     8.75 7.67 24   1.141   0.265    
#>  treatment21 - treatment22   -16.50 7.67 24  -2.152   0.042   *
#>  treatment21 - treatment23    -2.00 6.86 24  -0.292   0.773    
#>  treatment21 - treatment24     1.75 7.67 24   0.228   0.821    
#>  treatment21 - treatment25    -9.50 7.67 24  -1.239   0.227    
#>  treatment21 - treatment26     0.75 7.67 24   0.098   0.923    
#>  treatment21 - treatment27    -5.50 7.67 24  -0.717   0.480    
#>  treatment21 - treatment28     5.75 7.67 24   0.750   0.460    
#>  treatment22 - treatment23    14.50 7.67 24   1.892   0.071    
#>  treatment22 - treatment24    18.25 7.67 24   2.381   0.026   *
#>  treatment22 - treatment25     7.00 6.86 24   1.021   0.317    
#>  treatment22 - treatment26    17.25 7.67 24   2.250   0.034   *
#>  treatment22 - treatment27    11.00 6.86 24   1.604   0.122    
#>  treatment22 - treatment28    22.25 7.67 24   2.903   0.008  **
#>  treatment23 - treatment24     3.75 7.67 24   0.489   0.629    
#>  treatment23 - treatment25    -7.50 7.67 24  -0.978   0.338    
#>  treatment23 - treatment26     2.75 7.67 24   0.359   0.723    
#>  treatment23 - treatment27    -3.50 7.67 24  -0.457   0.652    
#>  treatment23 - treatment28     7.75 7.67 24   1.011   0.322    
#>  treatment24 - treatment25   -11.25 7.67 24  -1.468   0.155    
#>  treatment24 - treatment26    -1.00 6.86 24  -0.146   0.885    
#>  treatment24 - treatment27    -7.25 7.67 24  -0.946   0.354    
#>  treatment24 - treatment28     4.00 6.86 24   0.583   0.565    
#>  treatment25 - treatment26    10.25 7.67 24   1.337   0.194    
#>  treatment25 - treatment27     4.00 6.86 24   0.583   0.565    
#>  treatment25 - treatment28    15.25 7.67 24   1.989   0.058    
#>  treatment26 - treatment27    -6.25 7.67 24  -0.815   0.423    
#>  treatment26 - treatment28     5.00 6.86 24   0.729   0.473    
#>  treatment27 - treatment28    11.25 7.67 24   1.468   0.155    
#> 
#> Treatment Groups
#> ================
#> 
#> Method : lsd
#> 
#>  Treatment Adjusted Means   SE df lower.CL upper.CL  Group
#>         28          68.75 5.36 24    57.69    79.81  1    
#>          8          72.50 5.36 24    61.44    83.56  12   
#>         24          72.75 5.36 24    61.69    83.81  12   
#>         26          73.75 5.36 24    62.69    84.81  12   
#>         21          74.50 5.36 24    63.44    85.56  12   
#>          9          76.50 5.36 24    65.44    87.56  123  
#>         12          76.50 5.36 24    65.44    87.56  123  
#>         23          76.50 5.36 24    65.44    87.56  123  
#>         18          77.25 5.36 24    66.19    88.31  1234 
#>          5          77.50 5.36 24    66.44    88.56  12345
#>          6          77.50 5.36 24    66.44    88.56  12345
#>         20          77.50 5.36 24    66.44    88.56  12345
#>         11          78.75 5.36 24    67.69    89.81  12345
#>         13          79.25 5.36 24    68.19    90.31  12345
#>          2          79.33 1.62 24    76.00    82.67  12   
#>         27          80.00 5.36 24    68.94    91.06  12345
#>         14          80.25 5.36 24    69.19    91.31  12345
#>         17          80.50 5.36 24    69.44    91.56  12345
#>          3          81.22 1.62 24    77.89    84.56   234 
#>          4          81.78 1.62 24    78.44    85.11   2345
#>         15          82.25 5.36 24    71.19    93.31  12345
#>          1          83.67 1.62 24    80.33    87.00   2345
#>         25          84.00 5.36 24    72.94    95.06  12345
#>         19          84.25 5.36 24    73.19    95.31  12345
#>         10          85.75 5.36 24    74.69    96.81   2345
#>         22          91.00 5.36 24    79.94   102.06    345
#>          7          92.75 5.36 24    81.69   103.81     45
#>         16          93.25 5.36 24    82.19   104.31      5